Jack Kerouac’s The Dharma Bums Essay - 803 Words

Jack Kerouac’s The Dharma Bums Jack Kerouac’s The Dharma Bums does not fall too far from a basic description of his life. Kerouac spent the bulk of his writing career riding trains from city to city, meeting people and writing books and poetry. He was among the premier writers of the Beat Generation, a group of primarily urban poets and writers who put the basics of life and their spiritual nuances into poetry with a beat. The book, The Dharma Bums, is a window into the daily structure of the Beat Generation. Kerouac wrote The Dharma Bums while living the life of a bum, riding from city to city as a stowaway on various trains. He used an old portable typewriter that fed from a large roll of paper, into the typewriter, and back into†¦show more content†¦He is almost always meticulous in certain aspects of a given scene while leaving out what one would think are important details. However, the descriptions given are always enough to reveal a full, vivid picture of moments, whether only gestures are described or wall paper. The various scenes of the book are often unexpected, but the matter of fact style of writing usually diffuses. Kerouac creates such a familiarity with his readers that it becomes assumed that any place unusual to the reader is typical for him, and in this way he pulls the reader further into this world of the Beat Generation. Oftentimes the scenes are set in the cramped places such as boxcars and single room shacks frequented by Ray and his friends. Other times the scenes are places like cafe’s and restaurants around San Francisco, San Diego, and other, usually Californian, cities; however some of Kerouac’s most effective place descriptions throughout The Dharma Bums are found in the stories of other places told by those Ray meets, rather than where he actually goes. Among the most poignant aspects of The Dharma Bums is Kerouac’s ability to use long narratives to pull his readers into the experiences of the characters. The Dharma Bums is replete with the explanation of the experiences of ancient Zen Buddhist thinkers and their experiences as they search for enlightenment. Kerouac constantly accesses the ancient writings of Zen Buddhist monks. Using such writings as aShow MoreRelatedCharacter Analysis of Ray Smith in Jack Kerouacs Dharma Bums1424 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Personal enlightenment may be defined as a lifelong journey towards truth and self-knowledge. That is what it is for Ray Smith, the narrator of The Dharma Bums. Rays journey in this book is comprised of several smaller journeys, each of which is an attempt to get closer to truth and self-knowledge. The basic premise of the search seems to be that the path towards enlightenment is the path away from materialism; this is a lesson that is reinforced for him throughout the novel. AlongRead MoreDharma Bums1027 Words   |  5 Pages2013 A True Dharma Bum One of the most powerful quotes in the entire book that I feel sums up what it is to be a dharma bum, â€Å" I felt free and therefore I was free†. This quote from Ray Smith shows that a dharma bum must always believe in oneself and take the journey to becoming a Dharma bum from within. Although one can learn from fellow dharma bums such as the Saint Teresa bum, Han Shan, and Japhy the ultimate truth of being Dharma bum comes from within. Saint Teresa Bum is the â€Å"first genuineRead More Comparing Society in The Dharma Bums and The New American Poetry1286 Words   |  6 PagesMass Society in The Dharma Bums and The New American Poetry      Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the best ways to fully understand an era is to study its literature. The printed word has the incredible capacity to both reflect and shape the hopes, fears, and ideologies of the time. This is very evident when reading literature from 1960s America, a turbulent period in the history of our country. While the authors styles are very different, there are definite thematic patterns and characteristics evident inRead MoreEssay on Eastern Thought in the Works of Kerouac and Ginsberg2447 Words   |  10 PagesEastern Thought in the Works of Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsberg      Ã‚  Ã‚   In the late 1950s and throughout the 1960s, a fascination with Eastern thought developed, concentrating on Zen Buddhism and Daoism. This attraction can be explained in part by the complete strangeness of these thought forms to Western ideals. Buddhisms denial of reality and Daoisms wu-wei or flowing with life were revolutionary ideas to the people of the late 50s who had been brought up with consumerism, patriotismRead More Importance of Mountains in Kerouacs Dharma Bums and Barthelmes The Glass Mountain2052 Words   |  9 PagesImportance of Mountains in Kerouacs Dharma Bums and Barthelmes The Glass Mountain   Ã‚  Ã‚   Mountains are significant in the writing of Jack Kerouac and Donald Barthelme as symbolic representations of achievement and the isolation of an individual from the masses of the working class in industrialized capitalist American society. The mountains, depicted by Kerouac and Barthelme, rise above the American landscape as majestic entities whose peaks are touched by few enduring and brave soulsRead More The Dharma Bums Aesthetic Response Essay1374 Words   |  6 PagesThe Dharma Bums Aesthetic Response  Ã‚   After the opening chapter of the novel in which the narrator writes, Just in my swim shorts, barefooted, wild-haired, in the red fire dark, singing, swigging wine, spitting, jumping, running- thats the way to live (7), I knew that the book was not only going to be interesting, but also great. I was not displeased after finishing it either. The Dharma Bums struck me as being one of the most fantastic books that I have ever read; one that contains an amazinglyRead More The Sixties Exposed in Takin it to the Streets and The Dharma Bums1183 Words   |  5 PagesThe Sixties Exposed in Takin it to the Streets and The Dharma Bums      Ã‚   One cannot undertake any study of the 1960s in America without hearing about the struggles for social change. From civil rights to freedom of speech, civil disobedience and nonviolent protest became a central part of the sixties culture, albeit representative of only a small portion of the population. As Mario Savio, a Free Speech Movement (FSM) leader, wrote in an essay in 1964: The most exciting things going on inRead MoreThe Hippie Movement and the Beat Movemnt1704 Words   |  7 PagesHow the Hippies got hip with the beat of the Beat Movement Jack Kerouac once said, â€Å"the only people for me are the mad ones, the ones who are mad to live, mad to talk, mad to be saved, desirous of everything at the same time, the ones who never yawn or say a commonplace thing, but burn, burn, burn like fabulous yellow roman candles exploding like spiders across the stars† (Kerouac 5). Kerouac was the symbol of the Beat Movement. He was the rebellious and adventurous man, who during his time wasRead More The Beat Generation of America Essay2258 Words   |  10 Pagestheirs the correct choice? Was the fun they had worth the pain that they caused, and the pain that they had to endure? And ultimately, what impact did the Beats have on society as a whole, and was that impact, is that impact, positive or negative? Jack Kerouac, the most prominent of all Beat poets, and the gang hanging out at the famous 115th Street apartment helped to mold two generations of young Americans, and have made a permanent impression on the landscape of American culture through theirRead More Comparing Henry Miller and Jack Kerouac Essay examples3680 Words   |  15 PagesComparing Henry Miller and Jack Kerouac I. Introduction It has never been an uncommon thing for one to retreat to nature in an attempt to ‘find one’s self,’ and somewhat clichà © these days is the retreat to nature to ‘find God.’ Hundreds of books, essays, seminars, and retreats devote themselves to helping one understand how to find enlightenment and healing through connecting with nature. It is a phenomenon that transcends religious boundaries—everyone, from Buddhists to Christian Mystics to

Socrates vs Protagoras - 1705 Words

Philosophy Socrates a sophist? Or just sophisticated? Plato goes a long way in attempting to distinguish Socrates from the likes of Protagoras, a self admitted sophist. In Protagoras, Socrates is depicted as a street smart, wisdom dispensing young man, brash with confidence and a bit of arrogance that goes a long way when confronted with the old school rhetoric of Protagoras. Plato begins to separate the two at the hip right from the get go. The dialogue between Socrates and his inquisitive friend Hippocrates went a long way to show that Socrates had more questions than answers about Protagoras, the sophist, especially when it came to talk about what it is exactly that he offers. Socrates companion is eager to hear the words of†¦show more content†¦He preferred those who wish to learn from him, to come to him. The other sophist of the times traveled through the towns teaching anyone at arms length, a method that was in much higher danger of criticism than the one adopted by Protagoras. A sophist would speak, a sophist would teach, a sophist would use language and words to manipulate a situation to fit his point. A sophist would engulf you in his words and make the impossible seem possible. A sophist would share his views on the world, life, and the future with you; he would make you see the light of day even if it was night. A sophist was a wise man who had the gift of gab, the ability to influence, the ability to sway, the ability to teach the young how to be better speakers. All of the qualities that Socrates claimed he did not possess. Socrates was depicted as a clever man, yet one who never taught, never persuaded, never tried to make his thoughts shared by others. He was not a sophist, not a teacher, not a wise man. A wise man knows that he knows nothing. Socrates always spoke of the fact that he was not a sophist because he was only out for the truth. He never wanted you to believe his words just because they came out of his mouth, he only asked the questions that were necessary to draw out the map to the truth buried down below the layers of rhetoric.Show MoreRelatedAristophanes Vs Socrates1472 Words   |  6 Pages ARISTOPHANES VERSES PLATO’S VIEW OF SOCRATES Student’s Name Course Name Date Introduction The historical story of Socrates depicts why he was able to attract critics and followers from different geographical locations. A more profound assessment of his biography reveals how his arrogance put him on the wrong side of the law on many occasions throughout his life. It is essential to note that the significance of Socrates contribution to the society cannot be sidelined based on theRead MoreEuripides And The Classic Greek Culture1243 Words   |  5 Pagesbeing after his death with plays he left behind unperformed. Some of his most famous pieces of work include Rhesus and Cyclops. During his time at the festivals he got to know many of the great philosophers of the 5th century B.C. such as Socrates and Protagoras. Euripides eventually up and left Athens in 408 B.C. because he was invited by the king of Macedonia, Archelaus. This ended up being the last place he would ever live because he dies shortly after around the year 407 B.C. Orestes is a dramaticRead MorePlato And Aristotle s Political Situation2648 Words   |  11 Pagesupper-middle class, Plato was taught by educated tutors, and so was enabled to explore a wide range of topics which focused mainly on ethics. (Allen and Wilbur 1986: 99-101) Later in life, he became a student and, eventually, good friend of Socrates, but his studies with Socrates were interrupted by the Peloponnesian War where Athens fought against Sparta. Plato himself fought as a soldier in the war and this probably influenced his viewpoint that Athenian political leaders were badly educated and made poorRead More Robert Pirsigs Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance Essay5286 Words   |  22 PagesThe relationship in the new commonplace becomes one of evaluative engagement or Quality; the affirmation of quality or value precedes our awareness of subjects and objects, and is indeed the cause of subjects and objects (Pirsig 234). Echoing Protagoras, Pirsig maintains that man is not the source of all things, as the subjective idealists would say. Nor is he the passive observer of all things, as the objective idealists and materialists would say. The Quality which creates the world emerges

A Project-Based Learning Free Essays

string(98) " of various groups of students: Using shelter by technology for effective stormwater management\." A project-based learning approach is extended in which knowledge acquired in water resources engineering lessons is utilized to devise a storm-water management scheme. The goal of the project is to accentuate the significance of assessing design skills attained in the coursework. The students are expected to apply an understanding of material they learned from their lessons in water resources engineering and environmental engineering; which led them to develop a solution for storm-water management scheme. We will write a custom essay sample on A Project-Based Learning or any similar topic only for you Order Now Also, the project aims to introduce students to the power of internet resources and computer technology and quickly carry out the many iterative analyses often required at the detailed stages of design. Considering the importance of project-based design work in enabling proficiency attainment and understanding fundamental natural resources along with engineering concepts are discussed with an approach proposed for facilitating the assimilation of design teaching within water resources engineering course. Approach presented seeks to exploit student enthusiasm for engineering project work in order to enhance an understanding for water resources engineering. The design project considers a â€Å"real† problem, i.e. storm-water management system. It is argued that reality plays an important role in maintaining student commitment, which is essential for effective learning. This paper provides an overview of how design teaching can provide an integrating theme within a water resource-engineering course. The emphasis of the current approach on student-centered active learning rather than the traditional passive learning methods is also discussed. Finally an assessment is made of the project-based approach to design teaching and its ability to develop an understanding of engineering principles, to develop skills in various software packages, and to maintain student enthusiasm using active learning techniques. Design teaching is seen as important, both in itself and as an integrated theme running throughout environmental degree courses. One of the prime objectives is to demonstrate the requirement for integrating the material covered in traditional environmental engineering courses within a design context. In this way, the importance relevance and application of water resources and environmental engineering courses can be emphasized. In addition to this, it is recognized that project-based work is important in developing student enthusiasm for engineering and can therefore provide a mechanism for maintaining the required levels of interest throughout the course. Design projects are very often carried out with the students working in groups, which can be applied to develop teamwork and effective communication. One of the major advantages of project-based design work over traditional, formal lectures is that it is student-centered, requiring active learning rather than the passive acquisition of information through lectures. Although the amount of material that is possible to cover within a single design project is demanding in terms of both student and faculty time, it is argued that project-based work may be a more effective method for acquiring knowledge and developing understanding. The importance of reality in effective design teaching has been highlighted by other authors who argue that the production of the artifact or system designed is an essential part of the educational process. Project-based design teaching often provides the opportunity assessing an existing design through an audit or for producing a new prototype, which would not normally be possible within a conventional lecture coarse. Project-based teaching, therefore, offers the additional advantage to students of dealing with real problems and it is arguably more tangible than other teaching techniques. Although formal lectures provide an important means for acquiring knowledge, it is suggested that students often have more difficulty in understanding the material and seeing the relevance in course material when it is delivered in this way alone. The educational objective of project-based design teaching within water resources and environmental engineering degree courses are not always fully appreciated. Therefore, it is the aim of this paper to discuss a range of objectives and show how they may be achieved within the context of a particular stormwater management design project. A shelter belt system along with a stormwater transfer management system was analyzed using EPANET2 and EPANET2 at SWMM5 design software packages. The shelter belt technology is a proven technology being used in Germany and the Netherlands for controlling stormwater. It was combined with the most-advanced Japanese water transfer technology. A group of students worked on the software packages to simulate the experience while another group of students worked on stormwater management using rainwater gardens and calculated various parameters. Students were encouraged to search for the information on the internet and other sources. Required information and guidance were provided by the instructor. The projects aim to demonstrate the importance of integrating water resources and environmental engineering in the design process as well as to develop team work and communication skills. In addition, it is student-centered, requiring active learning. The project-based development, which enables the advantages discussed above to be achieved, is recommended as one that could readily be adopted within environmental and water resources engineering courses. In the following sections, an outline of the project specifications is first given. The educational objectives are then presented in detail and the educational value of project based design teaching is discussed. However, before discussing the detailed aspects of the design projects, it is helpful to consider the present projects in the context of an overall design model (a range of design models is discussed). The design process may be considered to comprise the following well-established phases: project specifications, common conceptualization, manifestation, and detail. This process pertains largely to original designs, but aspects of the overall process are also relevant to variant design into which category the current design projects in general fall. In variant design, an existing design solution is adopted and modified. Therefore, the present design projects identify a case study in variant design. The generation of design solutions requires some consideration of the original design process discussed above. But the majority of the project is concerned with the detailed design phase.Specification of design projects: The following projects were conceived based on the interest of various groups of students: Using shelter by technology for effective stormwater management.   Use of rainwater garden for stormwater management. Designing stormwater management for rural areas. Applying SWMM5 for real life data from Toledo, New Orleans, and Flint. The students were required to choose their topic in the beginning of the semester and were expected to carry out a litereature review, which was part of their final report. In addition, students were allowed to explore all the internet resources and EPA software, such as SWMM5. Objectives: The ultimate aim for the students is to establish a strategy for dealing with stormwater due to hurricanes (e.g. Katrina, Harvey).The aim is achieved by ensuring the following specific objectives are met: ? To use rainfall data.? To estimate runoff based on the current features for a particular site.? To explore possible solution for the problem.? To employ SWMM for modeling purposes.? To calculate various parameters manually.? To use EPMNET2 for finding the water transfer.The design projects are structured in this way to ensure that particular educational objectives are achieved, and these are discussed for each of the above items in a later section. Methods: The design project is carried out over a period of 12 weeks with a total of 10 hours allocated for the project. Students were encouraged to utilize Blackboard for communicating with the instructor and among themselves. During the first session, students came up with their interested project topic selection. If for any reason students were unable to come up with a topic, the instructor helped them by suggesting alternative topics. Students were given specifications and guidelines on a weekly basis depending on the progress they made on their projects. Students using the software were given a step-by-step procedure for utilizing the software package. Some exercises were also prepared for the students, which were directly related to the project. The first session concludes with a discussion of the project specification between the project supervisor and the students enabling any initial problems to be overcome.At the beginning of the second session, it is expected that students will generate a conceptual diagram along with data and tables, which can be utilized towards laying out the flow of the project. Students utilizing the software were expected to learn the software. In the second session, students are expected to identify all the necessary specifications and to comment on their effect on the success of their projects. This is carried out by means of discussions during the second session with the project supervisor. By the start of the third and final sessions, students are required to present their findings in the class and critique by other groups. In the fourth session, they were required to write the final report, whichreceived comments by the project supervisor. Assessment/feedback: The work of the students is assessed by a group project report that shows details of all the hand calculations and details of the proposed design. A project report rubric was provided by the project supervisor to the students in the beginning of the semester when students came up with the project topics. Their final presentation was also assessed according to a presentation rubric, which was also posted in the same manner. Assessment is carried out in particular to identify the following: ? The ability to generate a simple model for a complex stormwater problem to enable realistic operating conditions to be calculated.? The ability to employ environmental and water resources engineering concepts.? The ability to interpret the results obtained.? The ability to produce a well-structured technical report in which arguments are put forward cogently and design decisions are justified.Feedback to the students takes place throughout the course of the project through discussions with the project supervisors and detailed comments relating directly to the students’ reports. Educational objectives: Use of design, knowledge, and making simplified assumptions. Manual calculations. Discussion/conclusions: The design projects discussed in this paper had been run for six months, with some modifications as feedback became available. It is argued that the projects are successful in demonstrating the importance of environmental and water resources engineering within a design context. Furthermore, it provides an integrated approach combining computer software, environmental and water engineering, and design for the consideration of a real design problem. In this way, it is suggested that it is possible to maintain the students’ interest and enthusiasm for environmental and water resource engineering through the use of project work. At the same time, this develops students’ understanding of the required engineering and design principle. In addition, it develops students’ skills in the use of computer software. Environmental and water resources engineering degree courses have been discussed in terms of the need for knowledge acquisition, the acquisition of skills, and the development of understanding. The projects described in this paper requiresknowledge acquisition, the accumulation of actual information, and the developing understanding of computer skills. The approach presented is effective for the development of understanding because it is student-centered, requiring active learning. It requires the students to express their understanding of concepts and discuss them, and to get rapid feedback during the discussion. The process of carrying out design projects in this way is closer. Therefore, to a tutorial approach to teaching and learning than to a lecturing approach and therefore has many advantages. The disadvantage of the project-based approach largely relates to instructor and student time requirements. In addition, it is argued that within given design projects, only a limited domain of environmental and water resources engineering can be considered. The project based approach to student learning, therefore, needs to be run in parallel with more traditional methods but cannot replace them. The projects discussed in this paper are highly suitable. It is argued for inclusion within conventional, environmental, and water resources engineering courses. This would then fulfill the purposes of both reinforcing the understanding of environmental and water resources engineering principles in a way that maintains the students’ interest and enables the environment and water resources engineering courses to be run in an integrated way with the design teaching. The importance of design as an integrating theme running throughout environmental and water resources degree courses has not been established. There is growing concern among industrialists and employers of graduate environmental and water resources engineers of the way in which computer software packages and applying knowledge to real world problems are used. These design projects discussed in this paper address this issue directly and it is suggested that a more questioning attitude among students in the use of software packages achieved with a more integrated approach to engineering and design teaching. The importance of reality in teaching engineering design has been discussed by several authors since it is found that much greater impact and lasting effect on memory may be achieved if these students can see the necessity for what they are doing for the real world. The present design projects considered a stormwater management problem and the students applied their knowledge obtained through several sources. How to cite A Project-Based Learning, Papers

Diagnostic Tools of Communication Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Diagnostic Tools of Communication. Answer: Introduction Communication can be used as a form diagnostic tool for restoring the mental balance of a particular individual. Diagnosis through communication is an effective way through which a mentally broken down person or even children in growth phase can be influenced for improvement or development of mental condition. There are several communication tools that are used for diagnosis purposes. For instance, the system for the Johari Window is to talk the learners through the different quadrants of the lattice. They start to pick up bits of knowledge to how they see themselves additionally how they uncover more than they know to other individuals. They start to have a superior gratefulness for what other individuals feel and see. Utilize the class for instance of how we uncover just certain things about ourselves at first, however over the long haul and "we open up, we uncover more about who we truly are". The Johari Window gives a valuable arrangement to speaking to individual as well as gath ering data, for example, emotions, encounters, sees, demeanors, aptitudes, expectations, inspiration, and so on from four points of view. As the class gives input to each other, learners begin to see themselves through the eyes of alternate colleagues. In this assignment, different diagnostic tools related to communication have been analyzed and discussed. For this purpose, five different tools have been considered. Diagnosis and Reflection Diagnosis through communication is an effective way through which a mentally broken down person or even children in growth phase can be influenced for improvement or development of mental condition. There are several communication tools that are used for diagnosis purposes. These tools have different purposes and usages. Albeit ordinary experiences amongst guardians and preschool educators happen normally, the preschool educational modules exhorts that formal parentteacher meetings ought to occur all the time. The interaction amongst guardians and instructors, both in ordinary talk and amid parentteacher gatherings, is said to be worried with kids' improvement, learning and prosperity both at home and at preschool. Self-assuredness is the capacity to impart conclusions, musings, needs, and sentiments in an immediate, genuine, and suitable way. Individuals with an inactive style tend to put the requirements of others before their own. This might be on the grounds that they don't trust they have the privilege to affirm themselves. Emphaticness includes going to bat for one's rights in a way that does not annoy others or prevent the rights from claiming others. They may trust that they are second rate and that their needs are not sufficiently imperative to make an object about. These individuals have a tendency to trust that they are awkward, or powerless, and along these lines experience issues caring for themselves or settling on their own choices. On the other hand, aloof individuals could feel that it is too hard to ever be self-assured or that it is significantly simpler to give others a chance to settle on every one of the choices. Albeit uninvolved individuals may not generally be content with the choices made by others, it typically appears to be less demanding to oblige the choices and `keep the peace' as opposed to make a complain. The outcome might be low confidence, dejection, outrage, and numerous other passionate or physical dissensions. The system f or the Johari Window is to talk the learners through the different quadrants of the lattice. They start to pick up bits of knowledge to how they see themselves additionally how they uncover more than they know to other individuals. Since most communicators are likely ignorant of this, this questionnaire will help one pinpoint the encounters that suit his correspondence style. Throughout the years, scientists have investigated correspondence "propensities" that help one advantage more from a few encounters than from others. The Johari Window gives a valuable arrangement to speaking to individual as well as gathering data, for example, emotions, encounters, sees, demeanors, aptitudes, expectations, inspiration, and so on from four points of view. As the class gives input to each other, learners begin to see themselves through the eyes of alternate colleagues. Over the long haul and they bond, they turn out to be increasingly open. The marks allude to "self" 'as well as other people': "self" means oneself while "others" implies other individuals in the individual's gathering or group. The key advantages of understanding one's own and others' correspondence styles include: Having the capacity to distinguish possess and others' learning and correspondence qualities and in this manner figure out how to improve utilization of them The capacity to urge people to build up their potential Correspondence styles are generally comprehended and utilized by many blue chip organizations to advance a correspondence culture at work By understanding the path in which one jumps at the chance to convey, one picks up a superior comprehension of how his techniques for communicating with, and driving, others mirror this. They are along these lines more ready to modify those strategies, if fundamental, to adjust to the styles of kindred colleagues. This hoses the inclination to utilize one's correspondence style as a reason Building up a self-awareness anticipate how to accomplish a correspondence potential Through a procedure of talking one may likewise reveal conviction frameworks which are not serving him. Some portion of the procedure can likewise be sharing of his considerations, emotions and encounters. Regularly individuals tell their advisors things they don't feel great telling any other person (Tong, 2014). It can be effective to tell another person what is truly happening for him. This can be exceptionally freeing, and it can be groundbreaking to demonstrate one's concealed viewpoints to somebody and have them like and regard him inside it. Albeit uninvolved individuals may not generally be content with the choices made by others, it typically appears to be less demanding to oblige the choices and `keep the peace' as opposed to make a complain. The outcome might be low confidence, dejection, outrage, and numerous other passionate or physical dissensions. Additionally, individuals who are extremely aloof regularly lose the regard of others on the off chance that they neglect t o defend their rights. Nonetheless, given time, uninvolved individuals may begin to detest the way that their needs are constantly neglected. Literature Review The following is the literature review for the different diagnosis tools related to communication. Talking Therapy According to Berland Berland (2017), the following layer of working depends on the most straightforward however capable standards of guiding. This is helping one to investigate one's own life and what is happening for him. This frequently happens right off the bat through discussion. As one talks about what is going on for him, the topics he is managing progressed toward becoming clearer. This then enables him to concentrate on the center of the issues he is confronting. Talking can likewise help one to understand what is happening. The communicator may offer inquiries and reflections to help one all the more profoundly comprehend himself and his circumstance. Price et al. (2015) said that when one talks inside and out about his lives he actually makes a story from the occasions throughout his life. It can be imperative to feel that what is transpiring has significance and reason. There can be chances to investigate other conceivable structures of understanding one' s reality and to discover ones which feel both consistent with him. Strength Cards According to the works of Bahadori, Shiri Mahdizade (2015), albeit ordinary experiences amongst guardians and preschool educators happen normally, the preschool educational modules exhorts that formal parentteacher meetings ought to occur all the time. The interaction amongst guardians and instructors, both in ordinary talk and amid parentteacher gatherings, is said to be worried with kids' improvement, learning and prosperity both at home and at preschool. The Swedish Curriculum for the preschool likewise indicates the significance of correspondence and talk as a device to develop a decent connection amongst home and preschool and to accomplish distinctive institutional objectives. Albeit such gatherings are visit in preschool settings, there is a general absence of learning about them (Saxena, 2015). Prior reviews have demonstrated that the youngster is oftentimes discussed in detail in parentteacher meetings and that the instructors rule the discussion. Past resea rch demonstrates that parent-instructor meetings are considered as significant practices that maintain and build up the connection amongst home and preschool/school. In this article the attention is on the parentteacher connections and highlights the preschool educator's methodologies to get the guardians included and dynamic in the discussion about the individual youngster by utilizing a particular antiquity, supposed 'quality cards'. Assertive Type Questionnaire Self-assuredness is the capacity to impart conclusions, musings, needs, and sentiments in an immediate, genuine, and suitable way. Individuals with an inactive style tend to put the requirements of others before their own. This might be on the grounds that they do not trust they have the privilege to affirm themselves (Tran, 2016). Emphaticness includes going to bat for one's rights in a way that does not annoy others or prevent the rights from claiming others. They may trust that they are second rate and that their needs are not sufficiently imperative to make an object about. These individuals have a tendency to trust that they are awkward, or powerless, and along these lines experience issues caring for themselves or settling on their own choices. On the other hand, aloof individuals could feel that it is too hard to ever be self-assured or that it is significantly simpler to give others a chance to settle on every one of the choices. Hostility includes going to bat for your rights in a way that is pushy and unseemly. Animosity insults the rights or sentiments of other individuals. In this manner, individuals who have a forceful style accept solidly in their own rights yet may not trust that others have break even with rights. On the other hand, in spite of the fact that individuals with a forceful style may concur that other individuals have rights, however dismiss this when they feel their own rights have been encroached upon. These individuals for the most part have a solid need to contend or substantiate themselves (Taylor Hamdy, 2013). They in some cases feel they merit more regard and consideration than other individuals. Individuals who have a forceful style have a tendency to have poor relational abilities. They generally get their own particular manner by treading on others and by being impolite, pushy, and annoying. They are probably going to experience difficulty creating or keeping close and friendly connections. This conduct may not be deliberate but rather can be extremely pernicious. Individuals who are decisive know they have rights additionally recollect that other individuals have rights also. These individuals have a feeling of `give and take' and are co-agent now and again of contention. Self-assured individuals evaluate every circumstance and choose which activity is generally fitting. Emphatic individuals think about other individuals' sentiments and in this way expression their solicitations or dissensions in an affable yet firm way. They can twist and give in if fundamental (for instance, if the other individual is being troublesome on the grounds that he or she is unwell) or they can support their rights and be solid at different circumstances. These individuals have control over their conduct and have regard for themselves as well as other people (Ghaferi Dimick, 2015). Decisive individuals attempt to pick the most proper conduct for the circumstance. Communication Style Questionnaire This questionnaire is intended to find one's favored correspondence style(s). Since most communicators are likely ignorant of this, this questionnaire will help one pinpoint the encounters that suit his correspondence style. Throughout the years scientists have investigated correspondence "propensities" that help one advantage more from a few encounters than from others. Johari Window The name, JOHARI Window, makes it seem like a confounded apparatus. In all actuality, Joseph Luft and Harrington Ingham made the vital name for their model by joining their first names, Joe and Harry. The system for the Johari Window is to talk the learners through the different quadrants of the lattice. They start to pick up bits of knowledge to how they see themselves additionally how they uncover more than they know to other individuals. It was first utilized as a part of 1955 and from that point forward has turned into a broadly utilized model for comprehension and preparing in an assortment of mindfulness ward exercises, for example, self-awareness, correspondences, relational connections, assemble progression, group improvement and between gathering connections (Bradbury?Jones et al., 2014). They start to have a superior gratefulness for what other individuals feel and see. The Johari Window gives a valuable arrangement to speaking to individual as well as gather ing data, for example, emotions, encounters, sees, demeanors, aptitudes, expectations, inspiration, and so on from four points of view. As the class gives input to each other, learners begin to see themselves through the eyes of alternate colleagues. Over the long haul and they bond, they turn out to be increasingly open. The marks allude to "self" 'as well as other people': "self" means oneself while "others" implies other individuals in the individual's gathering or group. It is an astounding device for contrasting self-recognition with open discernment and turning into a guide outline enhancements. Action Plan The main objective of the action plan is to conduct an in-depth analysis of different diagnostic tools that are related to communication. The action plan includes the development of study requirements, collection of materials for literature survey and collection of the secondary data from the literary sources. The detailed action plan for the project as per the expected schedule is shown using the following schedule and the Gantt chart. Task Name Duration Start Finish Action Plan 152 days Tue 23-05-17 Wed 20-12-17 Activity Initiation 14 days Tue 23-05-17 Fri 09-06-17 Development of Study Requirements 2 days Tue 23-05-17 Wed 24-05-17 Documentation of the Requirements 2 days Thu 25-05-17 Fri 26-05-17 Preparation of a Study Plan 3 days Mon 29-05-17 Wed 31-05-17 Scheduling of the Study Plan 4 days Thu 01-06-17 Tue 06-06-17 Identification of Suitable Study Materials 3 days Wed 07-06-17 Fri 09-06-17 Action Initiation 110 days Mon 12-06-17 Fri 10-11-17 Collection of Study Materials 15 days Mon 12-06-17 Fri 30-06-17 Literature Survey using Study Materials 30 days Mon 03-07-17 Fri 11-08-17 Collection of Secondary Data 10 days Mon 14-08-17 Fri 25-08-17 Analysis of All the Collected Data 15 days Mon 28-08-17 Fri 15-09-17 Contact with Mentor 2 days Mon 18-09-17 Tue 19-09-17 Consultation with Action Team 3 days Wed 20-09-17 Fri 22-09-17 In-depth Analysis 10 days Mon 25-09-17 Fri 06-10-17 In-depth Understanding 10 days Mon 09-10-17 Fri 20-10-17 Preparation of Project Report 15 days Mon 23-10-17 Fri 10-11-17 Activity Closure 28 days Mon 13-11-17 Wed 20-12-17 Review of Project Report 10 days Mon 13-11-17 Fri 24-11-17 Submission of Report to Mentor 1 day Mon 27-11-17 Mon 27-11-17 Review by Mentor 12 days Tue 28-11-17 Wed 13-12-17 Marking 5 days Thu 14-12-17 Wed 20-12-17 References Bahadori, M., Shiri, A., Mahdizade, H. (2015). Ranking Feedback and Disclosure Mechanisms based on Johari Window Model in order to Enhance Organizational Communications. Berland, A., Berland, A. (2017). Using the Johari Window to explore patient and provider perspectives.International Journal of Health Governance,22(1), 47-51. Bradbury?Jones, C., Taylor, J., Kroll, T., Duncan, F. (2014). Domestic abuse awareness and recognition among primary healthcare professionals and abused women: a qualitative investigation.Journal of clinical nursing,23(21-22), 3057-3068. Ghaferi, A. A., Dimick, J. B. (2015). Understanding failure to rescue and improving safety culture.Annals of surgery,261(5), 839. McCabe, C., Timmins, F. (2013).Communication skills for nursing practice. Palgrave Macmillan. Price, A. M., Stephens, M., Patterson, C., Snelgrove-Clarke, E., Work, F., Chiang, V. (2015). What are the patterns of personal learning environments (PLE) for undergraduate students undertaking degrees in nursing. Saxena, P. (2015). JOHARI WINDOW: An Effective Model for Improving Interpersonal Communication and Managerial Effectiveness.SIT Journal of Management,5(2), 134-146. Taylor, D. C., Hamdy, H. (2013). Adult learning theories: Implications for learning and teaching in medical education: AMEE Guide No. 83.Medical Teacher,35(11), e1561-e1572. Tong, C. (2014).Doctor-patient Communication Model and Its Enlightenments Based on the Thory of Johari Window(Doctoral dissertation, College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University). Tran, B. (2016). Communication: The Role of the Johari Window on.Handbook of Research on Effective Communication, Leadership, and Conflict Resolution, 405.

Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation

Introduction Alcohol and drug abuse is one of the major health and social challenges faced by a number of European countries such as United Kingdom and the United States of America. Prolonged use of drugs and alcohol usually results into drug addiction, which has severe effects on the health of the drug user. For instance, drug addicts often suffer from intense and irrepressible craving for drugs despite the repercussions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Most of the European countries like UK and America have adopted health policies intended to reduce drug abuse and achieve harm reduction. Harm reduction involves lessening the risks associated with using contaminated drug injection equipment. This paper examines some of the approaches adopted by the European nations and USA government in an attempt to reduce drug and alcohol abuse. Some of the initi atives include needle exchange and methadone maintenance. Needle Exchange The needle exchange program is an initiative that aims at reducing the harm associated with sharing needles and syringes among injection drug users (IDUs) whereby the IDUs get a chance to acquire hypodermic needles, as well as, injection equipment at a subsidized cost or free of charge. In some instances, the injection drug users are usually required to submit used needles to acquire an equivalent amount of new injection equipment. The needle exchange program also aims at reducing the rate of improper disposal of used drug injection equipment. Other services and materials provided by the needle exchange program include HIV and Hepatitis C testing, guidance and counseling, needle containers, and alcohol swabs. Proponents of harm reduction â€Å"believe that the needle exchange program provides a social benefit in reducing health costs†. For instance, the needle and syringe exchange program has helped to reduce the rate of HIV infection among the injection drug users in the UK, which is the pioneer of needle and syringe exchange program. Through the exchange programs, nurses are able to share information with the IDUs about HIV infection, thereby helping to prevent physical transmission of HIV. The realization of positive results in the use of needle exchange has promoted its spread to other European countries.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally the supporters of the exchange programs argue that the needle exchange program not only protect the injection drug users but also their families and relatives. Despite the benefits associated with needle exchange programs, there are also critics who have given various opposing opinions. For instance, opponents of the needle exchange program view the initiative as a waste of money because it promotes the use of drugs at the exp ense of spreading the massage of drug abstinence. Additionally, the critics believe that the needle exchange initiative promotes drug dealings because the IDUs get a chance to acquire extra injection equipment, which they can sell and use the income to purchase more drugs. Therefore, as much as the needle exchange program helps in reducing the risks associated with sharing drug injection needles, it also promotes continuous use of the drugs, thereby posing more challenge to the fight against drug abuse. Methadone Maintenance Whereas the needle exchange programs aim at harm reduction among the IDUs, methadone maintenance enables the IDUs to reduce the use of drugs or totally recover from drug injection practices. â€Å"Methadone is a synthetic agent that works by occupying the brain receptor sites affected by heroine and other opiates† (CDC, 2002). For example, methadone enables IDUs to have lesser craving for opiates, reduce withdrawal symptoms, and enables the IDUs to functi on normally. Individuals are supposed to take a dose of methadone on a daily basis. In most countries like UK, methadone is usually administered in the dispensing clinics to ensure that the victims take the right dose and to prevent re-sale of the prescribed methadone dose to other addicts. Once an individual has taken the methadone, the drug is â€Å"widely distributed to body tissues where it is stored and then released into the plasma, thereby stabilizing the patient†.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This approach is beneficial in a number of ways to both the user and the society. Methadone maintenance treatment enables the drug addicts to reduce the use of drug injections or completely discontinue using drug injections (CDC, 2004). It also protects the addicts of opiates from infections like HIV, Hepatitis B, and sexually transmitted inf ections. Additionally, methadone maintenance helps to reduce criminal activities and mortality rate among the opiate addicts. Through several studies, methadone has also been proved to be cost effective. Despite the positive results of methadone maintenance, the approach has remained a controversial subject in America and Europe. Most of the opponents believe that methadone is a substitute for opiate addiction; hence, it does not achieve the ultimate goal of eliminating drug addiction (CDC, 2002). Most of the patients who undergo methadone treatment have also shown continued use of opiates because of several reasons such as lack of self-control over addiction, compromising situations, and personal reasons. Critics of methadone maintenance also argue that the approach may promote criminal activities and drug dealings in the society. For example, patients who are under methadone maintenance may sell the drug to other addicts to earn some income (CDC, 2002). Therefore, a number of peop le in America and Europe are pessimistic about methadone maintenance as a way of dealing with drug addiction. The approach also encourages drug addicts to remain dependent on the drug for years. Unfortunately, some of the addicts usually fail to recover from drug addiction because they supplement the dependency on methadone with other drugs and alcohol. Additionally, some patients may shy away from undergoing methadone treatment due to the strict procedure that an individual has to go through. Some of the patients also fail to visit the methadone clinics on a daily basis in order to get treatment due long distance from their residence.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Similarly, a number of people may avoid undergoing the treatment because of stigmatization associated with clinic environment, which may lead to low self-esteem. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be concluded that programs like needle exchange and methadone maintenance that a number of European nations and America have adopted in an attempt to fight drug abuse are only beneficial to some extent. For example, the needle exchange program helps to reduce the risks associated with drug injection. On the other hand, methadone maintenance helps to stabilize patients of opiate in order to function normally. However, these approaches also have a number of side effects. For instance, patients of methadone maintenance often remain dependant on the drug to avoid withdrawal symptoms. Similarly, needle exchange may encourage the IDUs to remain dependant on the state for supply of the drug injection equipment. Therefore, the ultimate goal of realizing a drug free state may not be fully achieved through these approaches because the programs reinforce the use of drugs. References Campopiano, M. (2010). Methadone maintenance therapy in the USA: A case example of dual diagnosis. Journal of Advances in Dual Diagnosis 3(3) , 11-16. CDC. (2002). Methadone maintenance treatment. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/risk/idu.html Hitchcock, J., Schubert, P. (2003). Community health nursing: Caring in action. New York: Cengage Learning. Kalechstein, A. (2011). Neuropsychology and substance use: State of the art and future directions. London: Psychology Press. Lines, R., Betteridge, G., Stover, H. (2005). Taking action to reduce injecting drug-related harms in prisons: The evidence of effectiveness of prison needle exchange. International Journal of Prisoner Health 1(1) , 49-64. Oliveto, G. G. (2002). Treatment of heroin addiction: Current approaches and future prospects. International Journal of Prisoner Health 62(9) , 31-43. Stevens, J., Barnett, Z. (2000). Methadone maintainance and HIV prevention: A cost-effective analysis. Management Science 46(8) , 1013-1031. Stevens, T. (2001). Syringe exchange. Yale Journal of Medicine 8(2) , 45-51. This essay on Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation was written and submitted by user Rashad Gomez to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation Introduction According to MacLean, Cameron, Harney and Lee (2012), volatile substance use is one of the main problems that make it hard to attain a desirable social fabric. With most people turning into substance abuse, the question that is asked is how the psychosocial institutions can reduce the number of new abusers of drugs and alcohol and the way the drug and alcohol addicts can be rehabilitated and incorporated back in the society effectively. Research shows that a substantial number of rehabilitation institutions have been established to facilitate the recovery of drug and alcohol addicts. However, further research reiterates the resounding role of social networks of the addicts in fostering full recovery and rehabilitation of the addicts. Therefore, the development of interpersonal relations that foster the development of social networks and social identity is critical in the rehabilitation of the drug and alcohol addicts. More often than not, the rehabilitation process is halted only by paying attention to the social workers and psychological professionals, addicts, health care professionals, and the families of the addicts. This leaves out the issue of interpersonal relations among addicts, yet is vital in rehabilitation. The main question that this paper seeks to answer is: what role do interpersonal relations play in drug and alcohol rehabilitation? This paper argues that the policies governing the rehabilitation of drug and alcohol addicts should pay attention to interpersonal relations of the people under rehabilitation because they are the main determinants of complete rehabilitation. In presenting the arguments, the paper begins by bringing out the essence of interpersonal relations of the subjects in drug and alcohol rehabilitation programs. This is followed by an intense discussion about the modalities of incorporating interpersonal factors in the road to recovery and rehabilitation of drug and alcohol addicts. The discussion focuses on the exploration of studies that expand on drug and alcohol rehabilitation, before drawing conclusions and recommendations that can help in explaining how interpersonal relations should be factored in rehabilitation. The essence of Interpersonal relations in drug and alcohol rehabilitation As observed in the introduction, the rate of alcohol and substance abuse in quite high. Thus, substance abuse rehabilitation centres have been established to help volatile substance users regain their status and social position in the society. However, as these centres continue to work, it is evident that they leave out important steps that are critical in offering complete therapy for the alcohol and drug abusers. Research ascertains the importance of groups in rehabilitative counselling and the administration of recovery medications for drug and alcohol abuse addicts (O’Farrell Fals-Stewart, 2008). Borrowing from this, it can be argued that drug and alcohol abuse is a habit that occurs in the social space. According to Morgenstern and Longabaugh (2000), the cognitive behaviours of individuals who engage in drug and substance abuse are largely shaped by the environment in which they dwell. Therefore, the full recovery and complete rehabilitation of the drug and alcohol addicts can only be achieved when they are placed within the environments that influence their behaviour. Failure to do so implies a vacuum in the rehabilitation therapy. This is denoted by the separation of the people, physically or psychologically, from the environment in which they are supposed to dwell in for their entire lifetime (Klimas, 2010). According to Klimas (2010), there is a close relationship between relationships and the recovery of drug and substance abusers. Therefore, the process of therapeutic change that is embraced by rehabilitation institutions needs to foster the interaction of individuals within the recovery group and the nature of relations that are embraced by individuals outside the recovery groups. This argument is invigorated by the tendency of most addicts within the institutions to portray positive characters, denoting recovery as a way of speeding up the completion of the recovery process. These people often revert back to the earlier habits once they are out of the rehabilitation centres and out of monitoring institutions. According to the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (2005), group therapy is highly favoured when it comes to the active phase of rehabilitation where the behaviour and actions of individuals and their close associates play a great role in enhancing behaviour change. In a similar sense, the long-term recovery plans for the addicts have to consider the placement and consideration of all people who associate with the addicts within the wider social realm. Most of the institutions that deal with the rehabilitation of drug and alcohol addicts only focus on the formal groups that are established therapeutically while ignoring the other interactions that are embraced by the addicts outside these groups. Relationships in the cycle of addiction change as the stage of addiction progresses from one level to another. This is an important consideration in the rehabilitation process because changes in relationships also occur during the recovery phase of individuals who are undergoing rehabilitation (Klimas, 2010). It is important to note that interpersonal relations play out differently in the recovery phase. In some cases, the recovering addicts may come from equally addicted families. In such situations, relations become more complex, but they are simple when it comes to the elimination of incidences of drug use. Close ties between the addicts denote a high level of ties. These ties are depicted in acts of sympathy and excessive care and concern. In most cases, individuals may find themselves helping people they have close relations within the wrong way because of the high level of attachment and feelings that they have for the addicts. This is common in cases where an addict enters a drug and alcohol recovery therapy as an individual. In situations where couples enter therapy together, they might also break some rules of recovery because of the mutual feelings they may have (Simmons, 2006). Therefore, consideration should also be paid to cases where relationships can be hindrances in the recovery of drug and alcohol addicts. Interpersonal considerations in drug and alcohol rehabilitation Klimas (2010) observes that the modern concept of group therapy in drug and substance abuse rehabilitation considers the extended issue of interpersonal relationships in attaining full recovery of the addicts. This is based on the classification of the recovery therapy in two: group therapy, which applies during the early stages of recovery for the volatile substance use addicts and the outside group therapy that comes in the advanced stages of recovery. Here, the question of the nature of relationships that should be embraced by the psychiatric and counsellors comes out. Individuals undergoing therapy undergo psychosocial problems during the entire process of recovery. These problems can only be sorted out by the kinds and levels of interactions that are fostered and who the addicts interact with (Klimas, 2010). According to Price and Simmel (2002), people who are undergoing rehabilitation face psychological problems like trauma. The problems emanate from the changes in their lifestyles that are characterized by addiction. Such problems become much more complex when the addicts are confronting the health-related conditions caused by excessive drug use and alcoholism. According to the research that was conducted by Price and Simmel (2002) to ascertain the role of partners in the addiction and recovery of addicted women, the researchers observed that the formation of partnerships is critical in solving the psychologically associated problems. Addicts can hardly recover in isolation. However, the other important thing to note is that addicts can only recover fully when right partnerships are formed. According to UNDOC and WHO (2008), effective interventions for drug and alcohol addicts require the development of networked systems. These systems are wide in the sense that they involve a wide range of partners, among them the civil society, labour, welfare, and the criminal justice, among others. Avoiding drug and alcohol abuse is attained when individuals understand the dangers of drugs and the essence of living a drug-free life. Therefore, the involvement of a large number of players is critical in the dissemination of knowledge and the reduction of the rate at which drugs and alcohol are made available to people in the society. The importance of social welfare departments is reiterated, especially when it comes to the coordination of recovery for the addicts due to the nature of drug use in the society. A substantial number of people who engage in drug abuse are people who are placed within highly interactive environments, for instance students. Therefore, interpersonal relationships cannot be easily avoided in the recovery of the individuals. This is why the WHO and UNDOC insist on the involvement of the social welfare departments in the recovery of drug addicts and alcohol addicts. The greater involvement of the social welfare is to help in developing the modalities on which the relationships of the addicts under recovery can be monitored (UNDOC WHO, 2008). In their research about the importance of social support for drug addicts who are undergoing recovery therapy, Dobkin, De Civita, Paraherakis and Gill (2002) found out that high social support that comes from the encouragement of the recovering addicts to foster relations with people outside the rehabilitation process highly promotes quick recovery. By further conducting a regression analysis based on hierarchy, Dobkin, De Civita, Paraherakis and Gill (2002) further observed that the pace of recovery is higher for patients who are allowed to embrace relations than inpatients or recovering addicts. This reiterates the value of social support, which is necessitated by the development of relationships with the recovering addicts in the course of their recovery. This is supported by the research by Beattie and Longabaugh (1997), who insisted on the value of social relationships in the realms of drug and alcohol addiction and recovery. The subjective well-being of alcohol addicts depends on the patterns of interactions that are fostered by the addicts and the kind of discussions that they engage in. Positive relationships, which in this case mean engaging in constructive group activities, help in stabilizing the mental and emotional status of the recovering addicts. Granfield and Cloud (2001) brought about the issue of social capital gathered by the addicts in helping the addicts in complete recovery. Therefore, any policies that are developed to help with drug and alcohol recovery have to pay attention to natural recovery, which is largely pegged on social capital. Social capital in this sense means the relationships, norms, and institutions that are available in the society. At the centre of the development of social capital entails the relationships that are developed by individuals because human beings are social beings and interaction plays a great role in the psychosocial development of people. Relations within the lives of the addicts together with the actual resources that they possess is critical in cushioning the recovering addicts from the social and psychological forces that engulf their lives because of the changes that take place in their lives during recovery (Granfield Cloud, 2001). Challenges of embracing partnership and relationships in the recovery of drug and alcohol addicts Partners can be engaged in the recovery of addicts in different ways. One of the common ways of engaging partners and embracing relations in the recovery of addicts is the choice of partners who can give assurance of recovery to the addicts. Relationships are part of the extended care for the addicts and can facilitate complete recovery or bring about hindrances in the recovery of individuals. There are prospects of change that need to be observed and given full attention by the people who are monitoring the progress of recovery during recovery. Taking an example from the Tekuma Recovery Group in Israel where the addicts are attached to role models to help in shaping the changes in their cognitive behaviours, it can be argued that the patient-therapist model of addiction recovery has to be expanded to include more people. It is easy to encourage the participants to be fully responsible for their compulsive behaviours through the linkage of the addicts who are undergoing recovery with partners or allowing them to choose partners outside the inside recovery groups (Tekuma Recovery Group, n.d.). Interpersonal distress is one of the main causes of drug use in the society. This distress comes from the kinds of relations and behaviours that are common in the environment in which a person dwells. Therefore, rehabilitating the severe cases of addiction needs to focus on the individual and the larger environment in which a person dwells. Taking an example from the case study by Klimas (2010), one addict confessed that the behaviour of his mother forced him to start using drugs as a consolation. He always came home from work and found her mother completely drunk; therefore, he had to get some drugs to cope psychologically with the situation and handle the embarrassment and agony. This means that a given form of complexity presents itself here. The main aim of running recovery programs is to reinstate the consciousness of the addicts so that they are fit to join the society. However, the same society might still be having the sources of distress that resulted in the addictive trends in the persons who have undergone full recovery. According to Beattie and Longabaugh (1997), it is important to comprehend the roles that are played by social relationships in the course of recovery, treatment, or relapse of the addicts. This is very helpful, more so in the clarification of the way clients can make use of interpersonal relationships in an effective way, thereby maximizing the impact of the recovery and rehabilitation therapy. Therefore, rehabilitating individuals should go far much deeper than dealing with the individuals alone into unearthing all forms of relationships that are fostered by the rehabilitated individuals and how they might contribute to the well-being of the individual. For instance, in the case of an individual who started engaging in drugs because of the behaviour of her mother, people responsible for the recovery of the individual should go further and rehabilitate the mother if possible (Klimas, 2010). According to Andjelokvic (2012), encouraging the clients in the rehabilitation centres to link with the community enables them to create intense levels of interaction. This is critical in the positive shaping of their emotional content. An example is the linkage of the clients to the spiritual mentors as part of the therapy. The development of strong relationships with the spiritually inclined people enables the clients to mould their behaviours in line with the spiritual content. This is a form of counter-transference in drug and alcohol rehabilitation (Andjelokvic, 2012). According to Klimas (2010), another issue that is common among the recovering addicts is that they often become allergic to developing and embracing social relationships. This emanates from the changes that take place in the interpersonal functioning of an individual during the entire period the individual undergoes the recovery therapy. However, the question that comes out here is how these behaviours impact on the positive functioning of an individual in the society in the long term basis. Koehn (2007) presented a framework on which relationships can be modelled in drug and alcohol abuse. Known as the relationship sculpture, this framework can help people who are experiencing drug addiction problems to explore the changes in their interpersonal relationships, especially the intimate relationships. It is critical to assess the changes in the relations’ landscape of the addicts throughout the entire process of recovery as set by the facilitators of recovery in order to experience changes in their lives. Conclusion The discussion conducted in the paper reiterates the importance of broadening the angle at which interpersonal relationships are developed and fostered by the recovering addicts. Most of the points presented in the paper denote that interpersonal relationships play a dual role when it comes to drug and alcohol use and recovery from drugs. Just as interpersonal relationships can cause drug addiction, such relationships can also play a critical role in the full recovery of drug and alcohol addicts. However, this depends on the level at which the professionals dealing with the clients in drug and alcohol rehabilitation programs understand the interplay between interpersonal networks and relationships in the recovery process. It is important for the professionals who are working with the addicts to know most of the conflicting priorities that can prevent the addicts from developing and maintaining relationships with the social networks established within the formal recovery groups and outside the formal groups. The discussion also points to the need for counsellors and psychologists, as well as other healthcare professionals working with substance abusers to broaden their scope regarding the issue of interpersonal relationships because they often take the centre stage in addiction and recovery. References Andjelokvic, B. B. (2012). P-1131 – Some experiences of group psychotherapy in Orthodox community of rehabilitation of drug addicts. European Psychiatry, 271. doi:10.1016/S0924-9338(12)75298-7 Beattie, M. C., Longabaugh, R. (1997). Interpersonal factors and post†treatment drinking and subjective well-being. Addiction, 92(11), 1507-1521. Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. (2005). Substance abuse treatment: Group therapy, (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series, No. 41.). Web. Dobkin, P. L., De Civita, M., Paraherakis, A., Gill, K. (2002). The role of functional social support in treatment retention and outcomes among outpatient adult substance abusers. Addiction, 97(3), 347-356. Granfield, R., Cloud, W. (2001). Social context and â€Å"natural recovery†: The role of social capital in the resolution of drug-associated problems. Substance Use Misuse, 36(11), 1543-1570. Klimas, J. (2010). Interpersonal relationships during addiction and recovery: A qualitative exploration of the views of clients in therapeutic community. Web. Koehn, C. V. (2007). Experiential work group treatment for alcohol and other drug problems: the relationship sculpture. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 25(3), 99-111. MacLean, S., Cameron, J., Harney, A., Lee, N. K. (2012). Psychosocial therapeutic interventions for volatile substance use: a systematic review. Addiction, 107(2), 278-288. Morgenstern, J., Longabaugh, R. (2000). Cognitive–behavioral treatment for alcohol dependence: A review of evidence for its hypothesized mechanisms of action. Addiction, 95(10), 1475-1490. O’Farrell, T. J., Fals-Stewart, W. (2008). Behavioral couples therapy for alcoholism and other drug abuse. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 26(1/2), 195-219. Price, A., Simmel, C. (2002). Partners’ influence on women’s addiction and recovery: The connection between substance abuse, trauma, and intimate Relationships. Berkeley, CA: National Abandoned Infants Assistance Resource Center, University of California at Berkeley. Simmons, J. (2006). The interplay between interpersonal dynamics, treatment barriers, and larger social forces: an exploratory study of drug-using couples in Hartford, CT. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 1(12), 1-13. Tekuma Recovery Group.  Ã‚  Tekuma recovery at a glance. Web. UNDOC WHO. (2008). Principles of drug dependence treatment. Discussion Paper. Web. This essay on Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation was written and submitted by user Raquel Wilder to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Matter essays

Matter essays Ch.1. The nature of Science; Measurement Systems; Physical - about our physical environment; Physics, Chemistry, Geology, Meteorology Science - a body of knowledge AND a method hypothesis - a tentative explanation; needs testing by a controlled experiment scientific law - important relationship observed in nature; occurs consistently (example: The Law of Universal Gravitation) scientific principle - specific set of relationships (example: The Archimede's Principle) model - gives an idea of the properties of a physical system (example: scale model of the Solar system) theory - a confirmed hypothesis, based on extensive experimental evidence (example: plate tectonics theory; atomic theory) Click on this link to view an impressive voyage through the various scales in the Universe - "the powers of ten" demo from Florida State University. PHYSICA means "NATURE" in ancient Greek. Ancient Greek philosophers were trying to discover the laws of Nature by pure reasoning, based on logic and general philosophical principles; mostly without experimenting. Modern Science began with Galileo's experiments (in 16th-17th century): not just reasoning, but observation -> hypothesis -> checking the hypothesis with experiments. Aristotle's intuitive thinking lead to the wrong conclusion that "heavier bodies fall faster" Galileo's numerous experiments: "all bodies fall at the same rate, reach ground at the same time". Any difference is explainable by air resistance. Newton: the theory of gravity. Not obvious that falling bodies and planets move under the same rules; experimentally proven. Need for objective description of properties; need for standards. Measurements and Measurement Systems (English, SI, CGS) ...

Persuasion and Influence 1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Persuasion and Influence 1 - Assignment Example The second item was a dress for my niece. I had bought the dress because that brand was running a campaign for educating the poor in Africa and 10% of the dress price was to be donated to the cause! Hence, it made me feel good that I am also part of that campaign. The two unplanned purchases had actually upset my weekly budget and as a result, that week, we had to cut down on our regular fruit diet. I realized that because of my irrational decision, my family had to compromise on essential food item. Indeed, consumer behavior is need based which is exploited by marketers (Arnould et al., 2004). Hence, I decided that I would rationalize my buying and stick to list. The perfume that was on offer of the day was actually not so as three weeks back, my friend had also bought the same perfume at same price! Indeed, they are marketing gimmicks that are essentially designed to tempt consumers (Edwin and Douglas, 2008). Thereafter, during my weekly shopping, I would wave my list in front of the salesperson and move forward to complete my shopping. I found this technique to be very

Interview Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Interview - Article Example The City of Newark has explicitly outlined the mayor’s thrust and vision, to wit: â€Å"Elected with a clear mandate for change, Mayor Booker has begun work on realizing a bold vision for the city. Newark’s mission is to set a national standard for urban transformation by marshalling its resources to achieve security, economic abundance and an environment that is nurturing and empowering for individuals and families† (City of Newark: About Mayor Booker, n.d., par. 2) When Smith asked what he thinks is the major societal problems the state is currently facing today, Mayor Booker quickly averred: â€Å"The root cause of all problems is poverty and this should be the main focus of all development programs.† Smith immediately quipped: â€Å"Sir, you have mentioned that poverty is the major problem of the community, how do you define poverty and what specific measuring tool helped you gauge the level of poverty within your jurisdiction?† Mayor Booker, re flecting on the inquiry, answered, â€Å"I had read a book during my theoretical interest and evaluation of community problems. That book written by Goldsmith, entitled Separate Societies that enlightened my awareness on the H’s in categorizing poverty: health, hunger, and homelessness.

In this task, you will use selected resources to research and report Paper

In this task, you will use selected resources to and report on the lifestyles, values, mores, and other characteristics of at least two minority cultures living in your state - Research Paper Example The ethnic heritage of Mexican nationals is primarily defined by a mix of European and Native American (as in native to the American continent) origins, thus providing a tie between those of Mexican descent and those of Native American descent (Gutierrez, 1999, p. 7). In an examination of Mexican Americans and Paiute Native Americans in Nevada, an interesting comparison can be made between cultures and heritage. The Mexican American population comprised 73% of the Latino population in the year 2000, and by 2006 increased to 78% (Timko, 2007). The Mexican American population makes up 14.3% of the total population of Nevada and in 1998 over 1 million businesses in Nevada were owned by Mexican Americans (Stacy, 2003, p. 583). According to Miranda (1997), the Mexican American population in Nevada is not oppressed by the same kind of discrimination that other border states tend to assert over their Mexican American populations (Nevada is not directly on the border, but within very close proximity). While this may have shifted a bit since the rise in the last ten years of immigration buzz word politics, the cultural acceptance of the Mexican American populations most likely has remained at the core of the way in which Nevada determines its position. There is an economic connection that is very strong between Nevada and Mexico. In 2001 Mexico imported the second largest number of goods produced in Nevada, thus tying the success of the state to the economic stability of Mexico. Nevada exports electrical equipment, lime, salt, plaster, and cement to Mexico as a result of the NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) from 1994 (Stacy, 2003, p. 583). In the 1990’s there was a significant increase, however, of immigrants from Mexico into Nevada due to the economic downturn of 1991, thus creating a trend of an increasing population that has continued into the 21st century (Miranda, 1997, p. 209). There was a time

How to approach a child with autism properly

How to approach a child with autism properly The idea of being polite or that which designate the point of politeness to others is a great virtue to begin with. In that essence, when dealing and attending to or with people or a child with autistic disorder, politeness and understanding their sentiments is also very important. Not all people are blessed or lucky to live a normal life. That is where we can derive the sentimental value of politeness to make its presence as far as approaching a child with autism in a proper way is concerned. What we can comprehend and understand from the general assimilation of the facts, especially when it concerns child with autistic is that people who behaves with them politely is often not only respected by autistic child, but also loved by them in great many ways. In that context again, a child with autism also in any given occasion responds to people who are polite and who understands them in the other way round. That is to say, a child with autisms most commonly is often known to be impaired by brain disorders or that which impaired the part of the brains, and are children with special needs and care. Thus, extra attentions have to be given to them to improve their way of living in a better way. This is where the question of being polite to them also come to fore, because it bring into the occasion the consideration for the feelings of others. When we look at these features in contention, a child with autisms we feel is characterized by certain aspects of impairment that prevent them to interact and communicate socially in the way a normal child does. Behavioral aspects of a child with autism also often prevent them due to repetitive behavior that a normal child does or is expected of. Hypothesis: Proposal and Issue in Contention Understanding autism is important in a sense that it can provide us a gist about the disease in general and what are the salient factors attached to it. Autism as one of the commonest diseases is spreading fast and affects millions of individuals, especially childrens. To have a clear and precise understanding of it is very beneficial for an informative understanding of the diseases. Emphasizing the valuable aspects attached to children that are affected by autism and understanding the significance of how to approach such children also can provide us with an idea about what should be and what should not be the factors while making a way to approach children with autism, because as we know children with autism have a general disorder to understand and view things as normal people does. As one aspects of human disability, autism as diseases is rather hard for general people to understand, especially when it matter to approach child with autism, given that their behavior at times are a sore for the sight. However, we should not make it look so bad. Given that childrens who are affected with autism also are humans, so does we. Hence, every notion to have a feeling for them and their needs is one significant point to build a society based on understanding, sharings, helping people in needs and most importantly contributing to limit the plight of those less fortunate. In that essence, we feel that to general the objective of this study is to view into the salient aspects encompassing factors of the subject matter that attempts to trace how to approach child with autism in order to do away with any misgivings and misunderstanding. As we know children with autism are childrens with special needs and care. Thus, every aspect to understand their behavior for example can be an ample foreground for us to feel for their plight or to make a contributing hand in helping such childrens and their cause. Thus, it should be clarified that in order to have a clear understanding of autism, a thorough understanding of a child with autism also readily calls for attention, which this projects attempts to address and exemplifies the crucial points. In doing so, a literature review of the subject matter that limits its analysis to factor on defining autism and how to approach child with autism is a necessity, which the following paragraph details. Literature Review: The idea and notion of Autism As we can derive from a general accumulation of the facts, autism is a general disorder that affects the behavior of person affected by it. Most often than not, people or a child with autisms is restricted by certain neural disorder that prevent them to behave and act normally in most occasions. It is heartening to experience in that capacity. However, point of it also should looked and extrapolated in which the salient and special characteristic of a child with autism also should be acknowledged. In that regard, experts are of the opinion that autism like all mental disorders are phenomenological based diagnosis. That is to say, autism is a form of mental disorders that is observable to predict through an experiment. Altogether, autism can directly be defined as a disease based on observable and reproducible behavioral phenomenon, and composed a complex biological system or that which medical experts calls end point in psychiatric illness. (Casanova, 2005, p. 198) Thus, when we begin to this comprehension of the facts and subject matter arguments again, we feel that medical experts opinion on the same also should be taken in a discourse. Although much of the definition of autism herein and as defined above is medically grounded, that is to say, all aspects of the features attached to autism are defined in medical and clinical sense. In that capacity and as sources can be derived from our study, the IDEA Act in US (Individual with Disability Education Act) defines the notion attached to autism as one of the developmental disability in a person that significantly affects the way of people behavior and their responses to certain social interaction process. That is to make it simple, autism has a direct affect upon an individual verbal and non-verbal communications processes. Together with it, individual who are affected with autism and its disorder also often find the social interaction to be close to impossible. What we can relate further is that autisms are generally evident in any given child affected by it before the age of three years. The effect of autisms also adversely affects a childs educational performance, given that as a neural disorder, the affect of learning disability also directly comes to fore. (Anonymous, 2008) Thus, when we interpret and accumulate to the notion that can be derived from the above definition in brief, it comes as a direct representation of the sociological aspects that can be emphasized again. That is to say, a close knot understanding in brief can be derived as to what composed the meaning of autism in general term; rather than the previous idea that is medically grounded. How to Approach Autistic Childrens? When we come to this part of the study, what we can cum up from the above definition, its terms and characteristics attached to autism also provided an avenue to understand the meaning of autism. In that regard, it is crucial to understand autism in a sense that it can further enable us to derive the salient aspects as and when it matter to dealing with autistic people. The question that arises also is how to approach children with autism? To begin with in this regard, we feel that a thorough understanding of the behavioral aspects and in particular the characteristic associated with autism is important as a measure to approach with them in day to day life and interaction process. Hence, experts feel that as far as approaching an autistic child goes it is to be sensible and vitreous enough to understand who they are, because autism is just one part of their characteristics. Yet a child with autism is also a unique creation of God and with unique character and gifts. (Wong, 2009) Thus, the best way to approach a child with autism is to give them enough space to be what they want and to express their humanness as to who they are, not by what we make think of otherwise. To put it in simple terms, approaching a child with autism is all based on the things that we can encounter, and how we response to each one of it in a cordial and virtues way. Secondly, autistic child and their characteristic of neural disorder prevent them from imaginative thinking. Hence, in that regard, expert opinion in that respect is to approach a child with autism with due care and attention to details. That is to say, identifying with them is the best way possible, because child with autism are hypersensitive to certain things that are beyond their imagination to grabs a thing or two being said or conversed. Thus, a cautious approach to the language used, and individual willingness to identify with them and their capabilities as well as doing thing to them in one sense give greater details and a good basis to approach a child with autism, (Wong, 2009) because as we can emphasize to the meaning of it, the fact is that that often actions speaks louder then word with children affected by autism. Together with it, and from a professional way on emphasizing to the notion of approaching a child with autism, that is to say, teaching a child with autism defines many foregrounds of the do and donts. As far as the subject topic goes in that regard, it is widely undertaken with due care and cautious approach. Expert opinion of the point to approach a child with autism and while teaching an autistic child is to give greater details and focus on two significant areas as far as it goes with the use of functional activities, and in particular an effort to make programs appropriate enough for student development level that also attends to their chronological age. (Raymond Le Blanc, 2007, p. 102) Hence, as we have related in the introductory note to the subject matter arguments, we feel that being polite to children with autism can be a great virtue indeed. That is why we see an extensive empathizing that is given attention toward children with autism. Altogether such move is also a good social cause, given that it gives the child that are affected with autism greater details to explore and experiment their life in a meaningful way, especially with people who understand them in a better way. Understanding the Characteristics of Autistic Childrens As far as autism goes, a prominent attribute or aspect of something that is related is also relevant to trace as a measure to understand in general the characteristic attached to the diseases and its symptoms in any. In that regard one of the common characteristics that are most often associated with autism can be exemplified towards the components attached to repetitive activities among autistic child. In that notion, autism and is characteristics as can be observed reflects the stereotyped movement of autistic individuals or a child. (Anonymous, 2008) Most importantly, autistic characteristic also are most often than not resistance to change. Hence, when autistic individual are subject to environmental change or change in daily course of life and routines to be precise, a direct instance of resistance also can be observed. Such characteristics as can be explained are unusual responses to sensory or neural experiences attached to autism and individual affected by it, (Anonymous, 2008) says experts in the fields of autistic study and child development welfares. Further down the line, we often feel that to define autism correctly is hard, because it all depends on interpreting the traits that are relevant to autistic individual or childrens. In that reasoning, and as far as expert opinion and their idea of autism goes, it directly relates to people who often have difficulty in three major areas, namely social interaction, communication, either can be (verbal or written) or both, and flexible and imaginative thinkings, which medical experts such as Lorna Wings have referred on the condition attached to autism and autistic behavior and characteristics. (Pittman, 2007, p. 4) In context of the above definition of the characteristic attached to autism, we can directly trace the features as to what composed imaginative thinking as well. Let say, autistic adversely affect the child learning capacity but it does not mean that a childs educational performance in such situation or occasion as such is adversely affected due to or primarily because of the child emotional disturbance, but it is a direct insistence of the disorder attached to neural or psychological diseases. (Anonymous, 2008) That is why; characteristic attached to children with autism is rather complicated to register readily with a layman. Once again, from the interpretation of this term, a concise meaning to autism and its spectrum also can be derived. What we can drive home the idea is that regard as well can be further stated that autism is rather a complex disorder as far as social interaction and cognition of term goes. In that capacity as well, we feel that autistic childs are individuals that calls for special attention and special care, wherein all the components and characteristics that posits a child with autism should not be taken for granted to accumulate who they are, since it is only one part of them and their disability. Conclusion Going back to the overall discussion, we are of the opinion that understanding autism and how to approach autistic child with such a disorder calls for extra measure and efforts to be made. Hence, to conclude in that regard and what we can drive home the idea that erupts from politeness with autistic child as well has some sentimental value, which we feels defines the notion that parts of it also comes readily, and registers with people who have been trained to handle or responds to children with autistic behavior in a better way. For a layman, understanding a child with autism can be close to impossible, because as some experts have maintained is the fact that autistic disorder in a child does not in a way explains or defines who the child is, which in a sense it only give a clear impression and natural accumulation of the fact that autism is one part of the character and being of childrens with autism. (Wong, 2009) Recommendations In the current state of affairs, extensive researches are being carried out to understand the many variables attached to autism and its characteristics in particular. As human and scientific knowledge increases, so does the awareness and attention that is given to certain fields of study as a measure to reaps the benefits in facilitating a better way of life to children with autism also automatically arises. There are many components that make it hard to define autism, which in any capacity is what we call a diseases. Measure initiated in the study and research thus is to bring into contention the idea to understanding and tracing the salient aspects of autism so that a progress can be channelized to treat the disorder in a better way, because it is one aspect of concerns that medical experts encounters. (Casanova, 2005, p. 198) Thus, when we relate to the above statement as well, and accumulating the overall discussions, we can derive as to where the idea in the medical fields that is interrelated to autism and its study can be emphasized for further research and study. After all, medical research initiated in context of autism is a measure that comes as a means to an end in enabling medical experts to find a befitting solution to treat the disorder and to facilitate the channel of life bearing examples. Such insistence and initiation is a good move and designate an attempt with great virtue and a great cause.

Saving Private Ryan Historical Review Essay -- essays research papers

Saving Private Ryan   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I chose Saving Private Ryan, the 1998 movie directed by Steven Spielberg about the invasion at Normandy and a special mission that follows, as the topic of my paper. The mission is for eight men to go behind enemy lines and rescue a soldier who’s brothers have died in battle and bring him back.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The movie starts with the D-Day invasion at Normandy Beach, a very tragic and great day at the same time. Allied troops were being shot the second the landing vehicles opened, mortars were dropping all over, there was no cover, and those who sought refuge in the water were drowned by the weight of their equipment. As all of this happens, we follow members of one unit as they struggle to make their way on shore. Bodies are dropping everywhere, the wounded are piling up, and things are looking down. After intense battle and effort, however, the Allied forces finally take the beach, but not without a high cost of life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  From what I know and have heard about the D-Day invasion, the movie was very accurate on it’s portrayal of the attack. The action was so intense at the movie theater I first saw it in that a veteran got up and left for a while because he was crying so bad. I later found out that he had actually been there and that seeing it so vividly on screen had brought back too many bad memories. If that doesn’t convey realism, I don’t know what does.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ...

Maria Theresa of Prussian law

Starting in and around the year 1740 with the crowning of Maria Theresa as empress, began the buildup of the Prussian army. In the eighteenth century commenced the rein of the â€Å"Prince of Prussia†. By mid century, despite only having 3 million inhabitants it had the third strongest army in Europe. It was planning to take over Austria. According to the author, Ozment, the key to Prussia’s dominance and success was due to its ability to conquer and build because of long lived kings. Frederick I crowned himself the King of Prussia in 1701 and openly challenged Austria.His son, Frederick William I brought back Prussian virtues of discipline, obedience and piety. Between him and his son, the army quadrupled in size. An integration of religion and social reform transformed the country. This served to enlighten and educate the populace. Prussia attacked Austria three times, won the Silesian war, increased its landmass by half and revenues by a third. Prussia later suffered a few defeats when attacked by other European countries in the battle of Kolin and others.But the embattled Prussia returned at Rossbach, thought to be their greatest victory. By war’s end, a large amount of the country was destitute and 1/10th of its prewar population had perished. But Frederick aimed to build and rebuild. His reign was deemed enlightened absolutist because it was â€Å"hierarchical and strong-armed, yet optimistic and progressive for the times†. The ruler enabled free press, economic development and the codification of Prussian law.. Frederick believed that the power of Prussia was in its army and he developed it. He also created a strong centralized government and even ruled over the Prussian nobles who wanted their estates, serf and etc. He was also philosophically aligned with John Locke, another enlightened thinker and â€Å"father of liberalism†. Frederick also followed the model that a ruler was authoritative over individuals because he represented and enforced order in order to make individual freedoms possible.